Akhmad Hanan is a researcher at Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center (PYC). He graduated from Diponegoro University with a Bachelor’s degree in oceanography (UNDIP). In addition, he has a master’s degree in energy security from Indonesia Defense University (IDU), which he attended on a ministry of defence scholarship. He has written numerous articles, opinion pieces, and research papers on energy and defence issues. He can be reached via email.